![]() The way you’ve traditionally managed WordPress will be different with this architecture and that needs to be taken into account long-term. ![]() Scalability does come with some drawbacks with regard to keeping themes/plugins up to date however, it all depends on your goal and what you need for your site. For this tutorial, we are going to create a Bastion Host to manage our WordPress architecture. If you haven’t checked out our previous posts, be sure to click the link above.Īs a reminder, we’ll follow the AWS Reference architecture as close as possible however, we will try to use Free Tier resources whenever available. This post is part of our series on how to Create a Multi-Tier Auto-Scaling WordPress Site on Amazon Web Services. Any views or opinions are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, or individual. More specifically, we can whitelist the Bastion server so it can get our SSH keys while we are on it.Disclaimer: This is a personal blog, any views or opinions expressed in this blog are personal and belong solely to the blog author and do not represent those of people, institutions, or organizations that the author may or may not be associated with in a professional or personal capacity, unless explicitly stated. It is also possible to allow other hosts to access our local ssh-agent to get keys from it. Ssh-agent is a daemon that runs in our machine and keeps all the private keys in memory so we don’t have to enter the passphrases every time we need to use them. The usual solution to this problem is using ssh-agent forwarding. It is also not considered a good practice to have copies of a private key. This could be a problem if the SSH key is copied to a shared location and can be seen by other users. Having the keys in the Bastion would allow anybody to access all hosts.Īnother option would be have users copy their SSH key to the bastion using scp. ![]() This is not ideal because we might have different users that can SSH to the Bastion, but they have access to a different subset of hosts (with different key pairs). Bastion host - Requires bastion-ssh keyĪ not very good solution to our problem would be to add the web-ssh key to our Bastion host and anybody who gets access to the Bastion can use it to SSH to the web server.A better solution is ssh-agent forwarding. One possible solution would be to copy the necessary SSH key to the Bastion so it’s available for us. This key doesn’t exist in the Bastion host, so the connection is refused. Our web server only allows connections with the key named web-ssh. What this message is telling us is that we tried to SSH to the host with a key that is not valid. Let’s start by disallowing all access to port 22: The IpPermissions attribute shows our ingress rules. Let’s look at the current state of the Security Group:Īws -region us-west-2 ec2 describe-security-groups \ -group-ids sg-0c7648d368c273f03 To make our web server a little more secure we will modify the Security Group rules, so it allows all incoming traffic to port 80, but only allows incoming traffic to port 22 from within the VPC. The diagram also shows a Security Group that allows all incoming traffic to ports 22 and 80 traffic to any other port will be discarded. Since the Web Server has a public IP address, all traffic from the Internet to that IP address will be forwarded. In this network, IGW serves as a proxy from the Internet to the private network. The final state of the network in my introduction article looks this: ![]() In this post we’re going to add a Bastion host that can only be accessed on port 22, and modify the web server so it only exposes port 80 to the Internet. In the example, we exposed ports 80 and 22 of the host so visitors could access it using a browser, and we could SSH to it for administrative purposes. In my introduction to aws networking I showed how we can expose a web server to the Internet. ![]() If a system administrator needs to access other hosts, It needs to first SSH to the Bastion and from there, SSH to any other host.īeing exposed to the Internet, the Bastion becomes the target of attackers and should be a central part of our security plan. If you are not familiar with networking concepts on AWS, I recommend you take a look at my introduction to aws networking.Ī Bastion host (also called Jumpbox) is used to protect hosts that are part of a private network, while still allowing access to them over the Internet. ![]()
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